Born in England in 1912, this individual was a mathematician and logician who became one of the most important figures in the history of computing. During the Second World War they worked at Bletchley Park, where they played a central role in breaking (1) German military communications. Their work on the Enigma code is widely credited with helping shorten the war and saving countless lives.
Before and after the war they developed (2) ideas in mathematical logic and computation. They introduced the concept of an abstract machine capable of performing any (3) calculation if given the correct instructions. This became a cornerstone of computer science. They also proposed a (4) designed to evaluate whether a machine could imitate human conversation convincingly, an idea that still bears their name.
After the war they contributed to the development of early (5) computers in Britain, moving theoretical ideas into practical machines.
Despite their wartime (6), they were prosecuted in 1952 under laws that criminalised homosexuality and subjected to a degrading medical (7) as an alternative to imprisonment. They died in 1954 at the age of 41. The coroner recorded a verdict of (8).
In 2013 they received a royal (9). Their image now appears on the fifty pound note, a recognition that came decades after their death but (10), finally, the scale of what they had contributed and the injustice of how they had been treated.
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